大庆油田采出水处理工艺技术现状及其认识.pdf

第37卷第07期（2018.07）油气田地面工程http://www.yqtdmgc.com 油气集输大庆油田采出水处理工艺技术现状及其认识

陈鹏1陈忠喜1白春云2

摘要：大庆油田已经逐步进入高含水开发后期，采出水性质趋于多样化，包括水驱、聚驱和三元驱采出水，执行的注水水质指标分为高渗透、低渗透和特低渗透油层水质，导致采出水处理系统存在已建工艺复杂多样的问题。在阐述了11类60种大庆油田采出水主体处理工艺基础上，统计归纳其建站数量、处理量和占比；同时，针对应用较好的单项油水分离技术、过滤技术和杀菌技术，分析其现场处理效果并提出了一些认识；最后提出了降本增效和稳定机理研究是大庆油田采出水处理技术今后的攻关重点和发展方向，对同类油田采出水处理地面建设规划工作有一定的借鉴和参考意义。关键词：油田采出水；污水处理；聚合物驱；油水分离；过滤；杀菌技术

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6896.2018.07.006

Technology Current Situation and Understanding of the Treatment Process of Pro ⁃duced Water in Daqing Oilfield

CHEN Peng，CHEN Zhongxi，BAI Chunyun

Abstract：Daqing Oilfield has gradually entered the high water cut development late stage.Its pro-duced water properties tend to be diversified，including water flooding，polymer flooding and ASP flooding.The used water quality indicators of injection water are divided into high permeability，low permeability and ultra-low permeability oil layer water quality，which leads to complex and diverse problems of the built processes in the produced water treatment system.Based on the exposition of 11classes and 60kinds of produced water main treatment processes in Daqing Oilfield their station estab-lishment number，treatment amount and proportion are counted；meanwhile，aiming at single oil-water separation technology，filtration technology and sterilization technology with good application results，on-site treatment effects are analyzed and some understandings are put forward；at last，it is suggested that cost decreasing，benefit increasing and stabilization mechanism research are the key points and development direction of the produced water treatment technology in Daqing Oilfield，which have certain references significance for the ground construction planning work of produced water treatment in similar oilfields.

Key words：oilfield produced water；sewage treatment；polymer flooding；oil-water separation；filtration；sterilization technology

大庆油田水处理技术应用从1969年东油库采

出水处理站建成到2016年已有47年。目前油田已

经逐步进入高含水开发后期，驱油方式多样化，产

液量及含水率上升[1]，地面配套的采出水处理系统

需要将水驱、聚合物驱和三元复合驱采出水处理后

达标回注[2-4]。截至2016年底，大庆油田已建在运采出水处理站201座，年处理污水8.5×108m 3，建成了国内最大的油田采出水处理系统。1

采出水处理工艺现状大庆油田采出水主要包括水驱采出水、聚驱采出水和三元驱采出水，根据Q/SY DQ0605—2006《大庆油田油藏水驱注水水质指标及分析方法》，处理后水质应分别达到高渗透、低渗透和特低渗透回注水指标。根据来水水质类型和处理后水质控制指标2个因素对采出水处理站进行分类（表1）。

1.1水驱采出水处理工艺

随着聚合物驱油的推广，污水中出现了聚合

物，同时地面系统调水、调峰、掺混等措施导致水

驱污水中也出现了聚合物。所以从处理水源的类型

上区分，可分为水驱未见聚和水驱见聚采出水的处1大庆油田工程有限公司2大庆油田有限责任公司开发部

19